🪐 Modern Physics & Astronomy Calculators
Relativity, quantum physics, nuclear decay, orbits and stars. Browse 33 free modern physics & astronomy calculators, each with the formula, a worked example and an interactive chart.
E = mc² Mass-Energy CalculatorConvert mass to energy using Einstein's equation.Time Dilation CalculatorFind how time slows for a fast-moving observer.Length Contraction CalculatorFind how length shrinks at relativistic speeds.Relativistic Kinetic Energy CalculatorCompute relativistic kinetic energy and momentum.Relativistic Velocity Addition CalculatorAdd two velocities using special relativity.Photoelectric Effect CalculatorFind maximum electron kinetic energy and stopping voltage.de Broglie Wavelength CalculatorFind the matter wavelength of a moving particle.Heisenberg Uncertainty CalculatorFind the minimum momentum or velocity uncertainty for a given position uncertainty.Hydrogen Atom Energy Levels (Bohr Model) CalculatorFind hydrogen energy level and transition photon.Particle in a Box Energy CalculatorFind quantized energy levels for a particle in a 1D box.Radioactive Decay CalculatorFind the amount remaining after radioactive decay.Half-Life from Measurements CalculatorFind half-life from two measurements of a decaying sample.Carbon-14 Dating CalculatorEstimate the age of a sample from its remaining carbon-14.Radioactivity Activity CalculatorFind activity of a radioactive sample from atoms and half-life.Radiation Dose CalculatorConvert absorbed dose to equivalent dose in sieverts.Nuclear Binding Energy CalculatorFind binding energy from the mass defect.Fusion Energy Release CalculatorCompute energy released from a mass loss in fusion reactions.Orbital Velocity CalculatorFind the orbital speed and period of a satellite.Escape Velocity CalculatorFind the speed needed to escape a planet's gravity.Kepler's Third Law CalculatorFind orbital period from the semi-major axis around the Sun.Schwarzschild Radius (Black Hole) CalculatorFind the event horizon radius of a black hole.Surface Gravity of a Planet CalculatorCompute gravity at a planet's surface from mass and radius.Light Travel Time CalculatorFind how long light takes to travel a distance.Light-Year ConverterConvert light-years to kilometres, AU and parsecs.Stellar Parallax Distance CalculatorFind the distance to a star from its parallax angle.Stellar Luminosity CalculatorEstimate a star's luminosity from radius and temperature.Distance Modulus (Star Magnitude) CalculatorFind absolute magnitude from apparent magnitude and distance.Hubble's Law CalculatorEstimate recession speed of a galaxy from its distance.Redshift CalculatorCompute redshift from observed and emitted wavelength.Tidal Force CalculatorEstimate the tidal acceleration across a body from a nearby mass.Synodic Period CalculatorFind the time between planetary alignments.Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation CalculatorFind the delta-v of a rocket from its mass ratio.Hill Sphere Radius CalculatorEstimate the region where a planet's gravity dominates.
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